MySQL Reference Manual for version 4.0.18.

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16.3 Determining the Default Character Set and Collation

16.3.1 Server Character Set and Collation  
16.3.2 Database Character Set and Collation  
16.3.3 Table Character Set and Collation  
16.3.4 Column Character Set and Collation  
16.3.5 Examples of Character Set and Collation Assignment  
16.3.6 Connection Character Sets and Collations  
16.3.7 Character String Literal Character Set and Collation  
16.3.8 COLLATE Clause in Various Parts of an SQL Query  
16.3.9 COLLATE Clause Precedence  
16.3.10 BINARY Operator  
16.3.11 Some Special Cases Where the Collation Determination is Tricky  
16.3.12 Collations Must Be for the Right Character Set  
16.3.13 An example of the Effect of Collation  

There are default settings for character sets and collations at four levels: server, database, table, connection. The following description may appear complex, but it's been found in practice that multi-level defaulting leads to natural and obvious results.



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