mc

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NAME

       mc - Visual shell for Unix-like systems.


USAGE

       mc [-bcCdfhPstuUVx?] [dir1 [dir2]] [-v file]


DESCRIPTION

       The Midnight Commander is a directory browser/file manager
       for Unix-like operating systems.


OPTIONS

       -b     Forces black and white display.

       -c     Force color mode, please check the  section  Colors
              for more information.

       -C arg Use to specify a different color set in the command
              line.  The format of arg is documented in the  Col-
              ors section.

       -d     Disables mouse support.

       -f     Displays  the compiled-in search paths for Midnight
              Commander files.

       -l file
              Save the ftpfs dialog with the server on file.

       -P     At program end, the Midnight Commander  will  print
              the  last  working  directory; this, along with the
              shell function below,  will  allow  you  to  browse
              through  your directories and automatically move to
              the last directory you were in  (thanks  to  Torben
              Fjerdingstad and Sergey for contributing this func-
              tion and the code which implements this option).

              bash and zsh users:

              mc ()
              {
                      MC=/tmp/mc$$-"$RANDOM"
                      /usr/bin/mc -P "$@" > "$MC"
                      cd `cat "$MC"`
                      rm "$MC"
                      unset MC;
              }

              tcsh users:
              alias mc 'setenv MC `/usr/bin/mc -P *`; cd $MC; unsetenv MC'

       I know the bash function could be shorter for zsh  and
              bash  but the
              backquotes on bash won't accept  that  you  suspend
              the program with C-z.

       -s     Turns  on  the slow terminal mode, in this mode the
              program will not draw expensive line drawing  char-
              acters and will toggle verbose mode off.

       -t     Used  only  if the code was compiled with Slang and
              terminfo: it makes the Midnight Commander  use  the
              value  of  the  TERMCAP  variable  for the terminal
              information instead of the information on the  sys-
              tem wide terminal database

       -u     Disables  the use of a concurrent shell (only makes
              sense if the Midnight Commander has been built with
              concurrent shell support).

       -U     Enables  the  use  of  the concurrent shell support
              (only makes sense if  the  Midnight  Commander  was
              built  with the subshell support set as an optional
              feature).

       -v file
              Enters the internal viewer to view the file  speci-
              fied.

       -V     Displays the version of the program.

       -x     Forces  xterm  mode.   Used  when running on xterm-
              capable terminals (two screen modes,  and  able  to
              send mouse escape sequences).

       If specified, the first path name is the directory to show
       in the selected panel; the second path name is the  direc-
       tory to be shown in the other panel.



Overview

       The  screen of the Midnight Commander is divided into four
       parts. Almost all of the screen space is taken up  by  two
       directory  panels.  By default, the second bottommost line
       of the screen is the shell command line,  and  the  bottom
       line  shows  the  function key labels. The topmost line is
       the menu bar line.  The menu bar line may not be  visible,
       but  appears  if you click the topmost line with the mouse
       or press the F9 key.

       The Midnight Commander provides a view of two  directories
       at  the  same time. One of the panels is the current panel
       (a selection bar is in  the  current  panel).  Almost  all
       operations  take  place  on  the  current panel. Some file
       operations like Rename and Copy by default use the  direc-
       tory  of  the  unselected  panel  as  a destination (don't
       worry, they always ask you for  confirmation  first).  For
       more  information,  see the sections on the Directory Pan-
       els, the Left and Right Menus and the File Menu.

       You can execute system commands from the Midnight  Comman-
       der by simply typing them. Everything you type will appear
       on the shell command line, and when you  press  Enter  the
       Midnight  Commander  will  execute  the  command  line you
       typed; read the Shell Command Line  and  Input  Line  Keys
       sections to learn more about the command line.



Mouse Support

       The  Midnight  Commander  comes with mouse support.  It is
       activated whenever you are running on an xterm(1) terminal
       (it  even  works if you take a telnet or rlogin connection
       to another machine from the xterm) or if you  are  running
       on  a Linux console and have the gpm mouse server running.

       When you left click on a file  in  the  directory  panels,
       that file is selected; if you click with the right button,
       the file is marked (or unmarked, depending on the previous
       state).

       Double-clicking  on a file will try to execute the command
       if it is an executable program; and if the extension  file
       has  a  program  specified  for  the file's extension, the
       specified program is executed.

       Also, it is possible to execute the commands  assigned  to
       the function key labels by clicking on them.

       If  a mouse button is clicked on the top frame line of the
       directory panel, it is scrolled one pageful backward. Cor-
       respondingly,  a click on the bottom frame line will cause
       a scroll of one pageful forward. This  frame  line  method
       works also in the Help Viewer and the Directory Tree.

       The  default auto repeat rate for the mouse buttons is 400
       milliseconds. This may be changed to other values by edit-
       ing  the  .mc.ini  file and changing the mouse_repeat_rate
       parameter.

       If you are running the Commander with the  mouse  support,
       you  can  bypass  the  Commander and get the default mouse
       behaviour (cutting and pasting text) by holding  down  the
       Shift key.



Keys

       Some commands in the Midnight Commander involve the use of
       the Control (sometimes labeled CTRL or CTL) and  the  Meta
       (sometimes labeled ALT or even Compose) keys. In this man-
       ual we will use the following abbreviations:

       C-<chr> means hold the Control key while typing the  char-
       acter  <chr>.  Thus C-f would be: hold the Control key and
       type f.
       M-<chr> means hold the Meta or Alt key down  while  typing
       <chr>.  If  there is no Meta or Alt key, type ESC, release
       it, then type the character <chr>.

       All input lines in the Midnight Commander use an  approxi-
       mation to the GNU Emacs editor's key bindings.

       There  are  many  sections  which tell about the keys. The
       following are the most important.

       The File Menu section documents the keyboard shortcuts for
       the  commands  appearing  in  the  File menu. This section
       includes the function keys. Most of these commands perform
       some  action,  usually  on the selected file or the tagged
       files.

       The Directory Panels  section  documents  the  keys  which
       select  a file or tag files as a target for a later action
       (the action is usually one from the file menu).

       The Shell Command Line section list  the  keys  which  are
       used for entering and editing command lines. Most of these
       copy file names and such from the directory panels to  the
       command  line  (to  avoid  excessive typing) or access the
       command line history.

       Input Line Keys are used for  editing  input  lines.  This
       means  both  the  command  line and the input lines in the
       query dialogs.


  Miscellaneous Keys
       Here are some keys which don't fall into any of the  other
       categories:

       Enter.  If there is some text in the command line (the one
       at the bottom of the panels), then that  command  is  exe-
       cuted. If there is no text in the command line then if the
       selection bar is over a directory the  Midnight  Commander
       does  a chdir(2) to the selected directory and reloads the
       information on the panel; if  the  selection  is  an  exe-
       cutable  file  then it is executed. Finally, if the exten-
       sion of the selected file name matches one of  the  exten-
       sions  in  the extensions file then the corresponding com-
       mand is executed.

       C-l.  Repaint all the information in the Midnight  Comman-
       der.

       C-x  c.   Run the Chmod command on a file or on the tagged
       files.

       C-x o.  Run the Chown command on the current  file  or  on
       the tagged files.
       C-x l.  Run the link command.

       C-x s.  Run the symbolic link command.

       C-x i.  Set the other panel display mode to information.

       C-x q.  Set the other panel display mode to quick view.

       C-x !.  Execute the External panelize command.

       C-x h Run the add directory to hotlist command.

       M-!,  Executes the Filtered view command, described in the
       view command.

       M-?, Executes the Find file command.

       M-c, Pops up the quick cd dialog.

       C-o, When the program is being run in the Linux console or
       under  an xterm, it will show you the output of the previ-
       ous command.  When ran on the Linux console, the  Midnight
       Commander  uses an external program (cons.saver) to handle
       saving and restoring of information on the screen.

       When the subshell support is compiled in, you can type C-o
       at  any  time  and  you will be taken back to the Midnight
       Commander main screen, to return to your application  just
       type  C-o.   If you have an application suspended by using
       this trick, you won't be able to  execute  other  programs
       from  the  Midnight  Commander  until  you  terminate  the
       supended application.


  Directory Panels
       This section lists the keys which operate on the directory
       panels.  If  you want to know how to change the appearance
       of the panels take a look at the section on Left and Right
       Menus.

       Tab,  C-i.   Change the current panel. The old other panel
       becomes the new current panel and the  old  current  panel
       becomes  the new other panel. The selection bar moves from
       the old current panel to the new current panel.

       Insert, C-t.  To tag files you may use the Insert key (the
       kich1  terminfo sequence) or the C-t (Control-t) sequence.
       To untag files, just retag a tagged file.

       M-g, M-h (or M-r), M-j.  Used to select the top file in  a
       panel, the middle file and the bottom one, respectively.

       C-s,  M-s.  Start a filename search in the directory list-
       ing. When the search is  active  the  keypresses  will  be
       added to the search string instead of the command line. If
       the Show mini-status option is enabled the  search  string
       is  shown on the mini-status line. When typing, the selec-
       tion bar will move to the  next  file  starting  with  the
       typed  letters.  The  backspace or DEL keys can be used to
       correct typing mistakes. If C-s is pressed again, the next
       match is searched for.

       C-\  (control-backslash).   Show the directory hotlist and
       change to the selected directory.

       +  (plus).  This is used to select (tag) a group of files.
       The  Midnight  Commander will prompt for a regular expres-
       sion  describing  the  group.  When  Shell  Patterns   are
       enabled,  the  regular expression is much like the regular
       expressions in the shell (*  standing  for  zero  or  more
       characters  and  ?   standing for one character). If Shell
       Patterns is off, then the tagging of files  is  done  with
       normal regular expressions (see ed (1)).

       If the expression starts or ends with a slash (/), then it
       will select directories instead of files.

       \ (backslash).  Use the "\" key to  unselect  a  group  of
       files. This is the opposite of the Plus key.

       up-key, C-p.  Move the selection bar to the previous entry
       in the panel.

       down-key, C-n.  Move the selection bar to the  next  entry
       in the panel.

       home,  a1, M-<.  Move the selection bar to the first entry
       in the panel.

       end, c1, M->.  Move the selection bar to the last entry in
       the panel.

       next-page, C-v.  Move the selection bar one page down.

       prev-page, M-v.  Move the selection bar one page up.

       M-o,  If  the  other  panel is a listing panel and you are
       standing on a directory in the  current  panel,  then  the
       other  panel  contents are set to the contents of the cur-
       rently selected directory (like Emacs' dired C-o key) oth-
       erwise  the other panel contents are set to the parent dir
       of the current dir.

       C-PageUp, C-PageDown Only when ran on the  Linux  console:
       does  a chdir to ".." and to the currently selected direc-
       tory respectively.


  Shell Command Line
       This section lists keys which are useful to  avoid  exces-
       sive typing when entering shell commands.

       M-Enter.   Copy  the  currently  selected file name to the
       command line.

       C-Enter.  Same a M-Enter, this one only works on the Linux
       console.

       M-Tab.  Does the filename, command, variable, username and
       hostname completion for you.

       C-x t, C-x C-t.  Copy the tagged files (or if there are no
       tagged files, the selected file) of the current panel (C-x
       t) or of the other panel (C-x C-t) to the command line.

       C-x p, C-x C-p.  The first key sequence copies the current
       path  name  to the command line, and the second one copies
       the unselected panel's path name to the command line.

       C-q.  The quote command can be used to  insert  characters
       that  are  otherwise interpreted by the Midnight Commander
       (like the '+' symbol)

       M-p, M-n.  Use these keys to browse  through  the  command
       history. M-p takes you to the last entry, M-n takes you to
       the next one.


  General Movement Keys
       The help viewer, the file viewer and  the  directory  tree
       use  common  code  to handle moving. Therefore they accept
       exactly the same keys. Each of them also accepts some keys
       of its own.

       Other parts of the Midnight Commander use some of the same
       movement keys, so this section may be  of  use  for  those
       parts too.

       Up, C-p.  Moves one line backward.

       Down, C-n.  Moves one line forward.

       Prev Page, Page Up, M-v.  Moves one pageful backward.

       Next Page, Page Down, C-v.  Moves one pageful forward.

       Home, A1.  Moves to the beginning.

       End, C1.  Move to the end.

       The  help  viewer and the file viewer accept the following
       keys in addition the to ones mentioned above:
       b, C-b, C-h, Backspace, Delete.  Moves one  pageful  back-
       ward.

       Space bar.  Moves one pageful forward.

       u, d.  Moves one half of a page backward or forward.

       g, G.  Moves to the beginning or to the end.


  Input Line Keys
       The  input  lines  (they are used for the command line and
       for the query dialogs in the program) accept these keys:

       C-a puts the cursor at the beginning of line.

       C-e puts the cursor at the end of the line.

       C-b, move-left move the cursor one position left.

       C-f, move-right move the cursor one position right.

       M-f moves one word forward.

       M-b moves one word backward.

       C-h, backspace delete the previous character.

       C-d, Delete delete the character in the  point  (over  the
       cursor).

       C-@ sets the mark for cutting.

       C-w  copies  the text between the cursor and the mark to a
       kill buffer and removes the text from the input line.

       M-w copies the text between the cursor and the mark  to  a
       kill buffer.

       C-y yanks back the contents of the kill buffer.

       C-k kills the text from the cursor to the end of the line.

       M-p, M-n Use these keys to browse through the command his-
       tory.  M-p  takes  you to the last entry, M-n takes you to
       the next one.

       M-C-h, M-Backspace delete one word backward.

       M-Tab does the filename, command, variable,  username  and
       hostname completion for you.





Menu Bar

       The  menu bar pops up when you press F9 or click the mouse
       on the top row of the screen. The menu bar has five menus:
       "Left", "File", "Command", "Options" and "Right".

       The  Left  and Right Menus allow you to modify the appear-
       ance of the left and right directory panels.

       The File Menu lists the actions you  can  perform  on  the
       currently selected file or the tagged files.

       The  Command Menu lists the actions which are more general
       and bear no relation to the currently selected file or the
       tagged files.


  Left and Right Menus
       The  outlook  of  the directory panels can be changed from
       the Left and Right menus.


    Listing Mode...
       The listing mode view is used  to  display  a  listing  of
       files,  there  are four different listing modes available:
       Full, Brief, Long, and  User.   The  full  directory  view
       shows  the file name, the size of the file and the modifi-
       cation time.

       The brief view shows only the file name  and  it  has  two
       columns  (therefore  showing  twice as many files as other
       views). The long view is similar to the output  of  ls  -l
       command. The long view takes the whole screen width.

       If  you choose the "User" display format, then you have to
       specify the display format.

       The user display format must start with a panel size spec-
       ifier.   This  may be "half" or "full", and they specify a
       half screen panel and a full screen panel respectively.

       After the panel size, you may specify the two columns mode
       on the panel, this is done by adding the number "2" to the
       user format string.

       After this you add the name of the fields with an optional
       size  specifier.   This  are  the available fields you may
       display:

       name, displays the file name.

       size, displays the file size.

       type, displays a one character field type.  This character
       is a superset of what is displayed by ls with the -F flag.
       An asterisk for executable files, a slash for directories,
       an  at-sign for links, an equal sign for sockets, a hyphen
       for character devices, a plus sign for  block  devices,  a
       pipe  for fifos, a tilde for symbolic links to directories
       and an exlamation mark for stalled  symlinks  (links  that
       point nowhere).

       mtime, file's last modification time.

       atime, file's last access time.

       ctime, file's creation time.

       perm, a string representing the current permission bits of
       the file.

       mode, an octal value with the current permission  bits  of
       the file.

       nlink,  the  number  of  links to the file.  ngid, the GID
       (numeric).

       nuid, the UID (numeric).

       owner, the owner of the file.

       group, the group of the file.

       inode, the inode of the file.

       Also you may use these field names for arranging the  dis-
       play:

       space, a space in the display format.

       mark,  An  asterisk if the file is tagged, a space if it's
       not.

       |, This character is used to add a vertical  line  to  the
       display format.

       To force one field to a fixed size (a size specifier), you
       just add a ':' and then the number of characters you  want
       the field to have, if the number is followed by the symbol
       '+', then the size specifies the minimum  field  size,  if
       the  program  finds  out  that  there is more space on the
       screen, it will then expand this field.

       For example, the Full display corresponds to this format:

       half type,name,|,size,|,mtime

       And the Long display corresponds to this format:
       full
       perm,space,nlink,space,owner,space,group,space,size,space,
       mtime,space,name

       This is a nice user display format:

       half name,|,size:7,|,type,mode:3

       Panels may also be set to the following modes:

       Info   The info view display information  related  to  the
              currently selected file and if possible information
              about the current file system.

       Tree   The tree view is quite  similar  to  the  directory
              tree  feature.  See  the  section about it for more
              information.

       Quick View
              In this mode, the panel will switch  to  a  reduced
              viewer  that displays the contents of the currently
              selected file, if you select the  panel  (with  the
              tab  key or the mouse), you will have access to the
              usual viewer commands.


    Sort Order...
       The eight sort orders are by name, by extension, by  modi-
       fication  time,  by  access time, and by inode information
       modification time, by size, by inode and unsorted.  In the
       Sort  order  dialog  box you can choose the sort order and
       you may also specify if you want to sort in reverse  order
       by checking the reverse box.

       By  default  directories  are sorted before files but this
       can be changed from the Options menu (option Mix all files
       ).


    Filter...
       The  filter  command allows you to specify a shell pattern
       (for example *.tar.gz ) which the files must match  to  be
       shown.  Regardless  of the filter pattern, the directories
       and the links to  directories  are  always  shown  in  the
       directory panel.


    Reread
       The  reread command reload the list of files in the direc-
       tory. It is useful if  other  processes  have  created  or
       removed  files.   If  you  have  panelized file names in a
       panel this will reload the directory contents  and  remove
       the panelized information (See the section External panel-
       ize for more information).

  File Menu
       The Midnight Commander uses the F1 - F10 keys as  keyboard
       shortcuts  for  commands  appearing  in the file menu. The
       escape sequences for the Fkeys are  terminfo  capabilities
       kf1  trough  kf10.  On terminals without function key sup-
       port, you can achieve the same functionality  by  pressing
       the ESC key and then a number in the range 1 through 9 and
       0 (corresponding to F1 to F9 and F10 respectively).

       The File menu has the following commands (keyboard  short-
       cuts in parentheses):

       Help (F1)

       Invokes  the  built-in  hypertext  help viewer. Inside the
       help viewer, you can use the Tab key to  select  the  next
       link and the Enter key to follow that link. The keys Space
       and Backspace are used to move forward and backward  in  a
       help page. Press F1 again to get the full list of accepted
       keys.

       Menu (F2)

       Invoke the user menu.  The user menu provides an easy  way
       to provide users with a menu and add extra features to the
       Midnight Commander.

       View (F3, Shift-F3)

       View the currently selected file. By default this  invokes
       the  Internal  File Viewer but if the option "Use internal
       view" is off, it invokes an external file viewer specified
       by  the PAGER environment variable. If PAGER is undefined,
       the "view"  command  is  invoked.   If  you  use  Shift-F3
       instead, the viewer will be invoked without doing any for-
       matting or pre processing to the file.

       Filtered View (M-!)

       this command prompts for a command and it's arguments (the
       argument  defaults  to  the currently selected file name),
       the output from such command is shown in the internal file
       viewer.

       Edit (F4)

       Currently  it invokes the "vi" editor or the editor speci-
       fied in the EDITOR environment variable.

       Copy (F5)

       Pop up an input dialog with destination that  defaults  to
       the  directory  in  the  non-selected panel and copies the
       currently selected file (or the tagged files, if there  is
       at  least  one  file tagged) to the directory specified by
       the user in the input dialog. During this process, you can
       press C-c or ESC to abort the operation. For details about
       source mask (which will be usually either  *  or  ^\(.*\)$
       depending  on  setting of Use shell patterns) and possible
       wildcards in the destination see Mask copy/rename.

       Link (C-x l)

       Create a hard link to the current file.

       SymLink (C-x s)

       Create a symbolic link to the current file.  To  those  of
       you  who  don't  know what links are: creating a link to a
       file is a bit like copying the file, but both  the  source
       filename  and  the destination filename represent the same
       file image. For example, if you edit one of  these  files,
       all  changes you make will appear in both files. Some peo-
       ple call links aliases or shortcuts.

       A hard link appears as a real file. After making it, there
       is  no  way of telling which one is the original and which
       is the link. If you delete either one of  them  the  other
       one  is  still intact. It is very difficult to notice that
       the files represent the same image. Use  hard  links  when
       you don't even want to know.

       A symbolic link is a reference to the name of the original
       file. If the original file is deleted the symbolic link is
       useless.  It is quite easy to notice that the files repre-
       sent the same  image.  The  Midnight  Commander  shows  an
       "@"-sign  in  front  of  the file name if it is a symbolic
       link to somewhere (except to directory, where it  shows  a
       tilde (~)).  The original file which the link points to is
       shown on mini-status line if the Show  mini-status  option
       is  enabled. Use symbolic links when you want to avoid the
       confusion that can be caused by hard links.

       Rename/Move (F6)

       Pop up an input dialog that defaults to the  directory  in
       the  non-selected  panel  and moves the currently selected
       file (or the tagged files if there is at least one  tagged
       file)  to the directory specified by the user in the input
       dialog. During the process, you can press C-c  or  ESC  to
       abort  the operation. For more details look at Copy opera-
       tion above, most of the things are quite similar.

       Mkdir (F7)

       Pop up an input dialog and creates  the  directory  speci-
       fied.

       Delete (F8)

       Delete  the currently selected file or the tagged files in
       the currently selected panel. During the process, you  can
       press C-c or ESC to abort the operation.

       Quick  cd  (M-c) Use the quick cd command if you have full
       command line and want to cd somewhere.

       Select group (+)

       This is used to select (tag) a group of  files.  The  Mid-
       night  Commander  will  prompt  for  a  regular expression
       describing the group. When Shell Patterns are enabled, the
       regular  expression  is much like the filename globbing in
       the shell (* standing for zero or more  characters  and  ?
       standing  for  one  character).  If Shell Patterns is off,
       then the tagging of files  is  done  with  normal  regular
       expressions (see ed (1)).

       To  mark directories instead of files, the expression must
       start or end with a '/'.

       Unselect group (\)

       Used for unselecting a group of files. This is  the  oppo-
       site of the Select group command.

       Quit (F10, Shift-F10)

       Terminate  the Midnight Commander.  Shift-F10 is used when
       you want to quit and you  are  using  the  shell  wrapper.
       Shift-F10 will not take you to the last directory you vis-
       ited with the Midnight Commander, instead it will stay  at
       the directory where you started the Midnight Commander.


    Quick cd
       This command is useful if you have a full command line and
       want to cd somewhere without having to yank and paste  the
       command  line.  This command pops up a small dialog, where
       you enter everything you would enter after cd on the  com-
       mand  line and then you press enter. This features all the
       things that are already in the internal cd command.


  Command Menu
       The Directory tree command shows  a  tree  figure  of  the
       directories.

       The  Find file command allows you to search for a specific
       file. The "Swap panels" command swaps the contents of  the
       two directory panels.

       The  "Panels  on/off" command shows the output of the last
       shell command. This works only on xterm and on Linux  con-
       sole.

       The  Compare  directories  (C-x  d)  command  compares the
       directory panels with each other. You  can  then  use  the
       Copy  (F5) command to make the panels identical. There are
       two compare methods. The quick method compares  only  file
       size and file date. The thorough method makes a full byte-
       by-byte compare. The thorough method is not  available  if
       the machine does not support the mmap(2) system call.

       The  Command  history  command  shows a list of typed com-
       mands. The selected command is copied to the command line.
       The  command history can also be accessed by typing M-p or
       M-n.

       The Directory hotlist (C-\) command makes changing of  the
       current directory to often used directories faster.

       The  External  panelize  allows you to execute an external
       program, and make the output of that program the  contents
       of the current panel.

       Extension file edit command allows you to specify programs
       to executed when you try to execute, view, edit and  do  a
       bunch  of  other  thing  on  files with certain extensions
       (filename endings). The Menu file edit command may be used
       for  editing the user menu (which appears by pressing F2).


    Directory Tree
       The Directory Tree command shows  a  tree  figure  of  the
       directories.  You  can  select a directory from the figure
       and the Midnight Commander will change to that  directory.

       There  are two ways to invoke the tree. The real directory
       tree command is available from Commands  menu.  The  other
       way is to select tree view from the Left or Right menu.

       To  get  rid of long delays the Midnight Commander creates
       the tree figure by scanning only a small subset of all the
       directories.  If  the  directory  which you want to see is
       missing, move to its parent directory and  press  C-r  (or
       F2).

       You can use the following keys:

       General movement keys are accepted.

       Enter.   In  the  directory tree, exits the directory tree
       and changes to this directory in the current panel. In the
       tree  view,  changes  to this directory in the other panel
       and stays in tree view mode in the current panel.
       C-r, F2 (Rescan).  Rescan this directory.  Use  this  when
       the  tree figure is out of date: it is missing subdirecto-
       ries or shows some subdirectories which  don't  exist  any
       more.

       F3  (Forget).  Delete this directory from the tree figure.
       Use this to remove clutter from the figure.  If  you  want
       the directory back to the tree figure press F2 in its par-
       ent directory.

       F4 (Static/Dynamic).  Toggle between the  dynamic  naviga-
       tion mode (default) and the static navigation mode.

       In  the static navigation mode you can use the Up and Down
       keys to select a  directory.  All  known  directories  are
       shown.

       In the dynamic navigation mode you can use the Up and Down
       keys to select a sibling directory, the Left key  to  move
       to  the  parent  directory, and the Right key to move to a
       child directory. Only the  parent,  sibling  and  children
       directories  are shown, others are left out. The tree fig-
       ure changes dynamically as you traverse.

       F5 (Copy).  Copy the directory.

       F6 (RenMov).  Move the directory.

       F7 (Mkdir).  Make a new directory below this directory.

       F8 (Delete).  Delete this directory from the file  system.

       C-s,  M-s.   Search the next directory matching the search
       string. If there is no such directory these keys will move
       one line down.

       C-h,  Backspace.   Delete the last character of the search
       string.

       Any other character.  Add  the  character  to  the  search
       string  and  move  to the next directory which starts with
       these characters. In the tree view you must first activate
       the  search  mode  by  pressing  C-s. The search string is
       shown in the mini status line.

       The following actions are available only in the  directory
       tree. They aren't supported in the tree view.

       F1  (Help).  Invoke the help viewer and show this section.

       Esc, F10.  Exit the directory  tree.  Do  not  change  the
       directory.

       The mouse is supported. A double-click behaves like Enter.
       See also the section on mouse support.


    Find File
       The Find File feature first asks for the  start  directory
       for  the  search  and  the filename to be searched for. By
       pressing the Tree button you can select the  start  direc-
       tory  from  the  directory  tree figure. You can start the
       search by pressing the Ok button.

       During the search you can stop from the  Stop  button  and
       continue from the Start button.

       You  can  browse  the  filelist with the up and down arrow
       keys. The Chdir button will change to the directory of the
       currently selected file. The Again button will ask for the
       parameters for a new search. The  Quit  button  quits  the
       search operation. The Panelize button will place the found
       files to the current directory panel so that  you  can  do
       additional  operations  on  them (view, copy, move, delete
       and so on). After panelizing you can press C-r  to  return
       to the normal file listing.

       It is possible to have a list of directories that the Find
       File command should skip during the search  (for  example,
       you  may  want  to  avoid  searches on a CDROM or on a NFS
       directory that is mounted across a slow link).

       Directories to be skipped should be set  on  the  variable
       find_ignore_dirs in the Misc section of your .mc.ini file.

       Directory components should be  separated  with  a  colon,
       here is an example:

       [Misc]
       find_ignore_dirs=/cdrom:/nfs/wuarchive:/afs

       You  may  consider using the External panelize command for
       some operations. Find file command is for  simple  queries
       only, while using External panelize you can do as mysteri-
       ous searches as you would like.


    External panelize
       The External panelize allows you to  execute  an  external
       program,  and make the output of that program the contents
       of the current panel.

       For example, if you want to manipulate in one of the  pan-
       els  all  the symbolic links in the current directory, you
       can use external panelization to run  the  following  com-
       mand:

       find . -type l -print
       Upon  command  completion,  the  directory contents of the
       panel will no longer be the directory listing of the  cur-
       rent directory, but all the files that are symbolic links.

       If you want to panelize all of the files  that  have  been
       downloaded from your ftp server, you can use this awk com-
       mand to extract the file name from the transfer log files:

       awk '$9 ~! /incoming/ { print $9 }' < /usr/adm/xferlog

       You  may want to save often used panelize commands under a
       descriptive name, so that you can recall them quickly. You
       do this by typing the command on the input line and press-
       ing Add new button. Then you enter a name under which  you
       want  the  command to be saved. Next time, you just choose
       that command from the list and do  not  have  to  type  it
       again.


    Hotlist
       The  Directory  hotlist  command  shows  the labels of the
       directories in the directory hotlist. The Midnight Comman-
       der  will  change  to  the  directory corresponding to the
       selected label. From the hotlist dialog,  you  can  remove
       already created label/directory pairs and add new one. For
       adding you may want to use a  standalone  Add  to  hotlist
       command (C-x h), which adds the current directory into the
       directory hotlist, as well. The user  is  prompted  for  a
       label for the directory.

       This  makes  cd  to often used directories faster. You may
       consider using the CDPATH variable as described in  inter-
       nal cd command description.


    Extension File Edit
       This  will  invoke  your editor on the file ~/.mc.ext. The
       format of this file is as follows (the format has  changed
       with version 3.0):

       All  lines starting with # or empty lines are thrown away.

       Lines starting in the first column should  have  following
       format:

       keyword/descNL,  i.e.  everything after keyword/ until new
       line is desc

       keyword can be:

       shell

              (desc is then any  extension  (no  wildcars),  i.e.
              matches all the files *desc . Example: .tar matches
              *.tar)

       regex

              (desc is a regular expression)

       type

              (file matches this if  `file  %f`  matches  regular
              expression  desc (the filename: part from `file %f`
              is removed))

       default

              (matches any file no matter what desc is)

       Other lines should start with a space or tab and should be
       of the format:

       keyword=commandNL (with no spaces around =), where keyword
       should be:

       Open (if the user presses Enter or doubleclicks it),  View
       (F3), Edit (F4), Drop (user drops some files on it) or any
       other user defined name  (those  will  be  listed  in  the
       extension  dependent  pop-up menu).  Icon name is reserved
       for future use by mc.

       command is any one-line shell  command,  with  the  simple
       macro substitution.

       Target  are  evaluated  from  top to bottom (order is thus
       important).  If some actions are missing, search continues
       as if this target didn't match (i.e. if a file matches the
       first and second entry and View action is missing  in  the
       first  one,  then  on pressing F3 the View action from the
       second entry will be used. default should  catch  all  the
       actions.


    Menu File Edit
       The user menu is a menu of useful actions that can be cus-
       tomized by the user. When you access the  user  menu,  the
       file  ~/.mc.menu  is  used  if it exists, and otherwise mc
       uses the default system-wide menu /usr/lib/mc/mc.menu.

       The format of the menu file is  very  simple.  Lines  that
       start  with  anything  but  space  or  tab  are considered
       entries for the menu (in order to be able to use it like a
       hot  key, the first character should be a letter). All the
       lines that start with a space or a tab  are  the  commands
       that will be executed when the entry is selected.

       When  an  option  is selected all the command lines of the
       option are copied to a temporary  file  in  the  temporary
       directory  (usually  /usr/tmp)  and then that file is exe-
       cuted. This allows the user to put normal shell constructs
       in  the  menus. Also simple macro substitution takes place
       before executing the menu code. For more information,  see
       macro substitution.

       Here is a sample mc.menu file:

       A    Dump the currently selected file
            od -c %f

       B    Edit a bug report and send it to root
            vi /tmp/mail.$$
            mail -s "Midnight Commander bug" root < /tmp/mail.$$

       M    Read mail
            emacs -f rmail

       N    Read Usenet news
            emacs -f gnus

       H    Call the info hypertext browser
            info

       J    Copy current directory to other panel recursively
            tar cf - . | (cd %D && tar xvpf -)

       K    Make a release of the current subdirectory
            echo -n "Name of distribution file: "
            read tar
            ln -s %d `dirname %d`/$tar
            cd ..
            tar cvhf ${tar}.tar $tar

       = f *.tar.gz | f *.tgz & t n
       X       Extract the contents of a compressed tar file
            tar xzvf %f

       Default Conditions

       Each menu entry may be preceded by a condition. The condi-
       tion must start from the first column with a  '='  charac-
       ter.  If the condition is true, the menu entry will be the
       default entry.

       Condition syntax:   = <sub-cond>
         or:               = <sub-cond> | <sub-cond> ...
         or:               = <sub-cond> & <sub-cond> ...

       Sub-condition is one of following:

         f <pattern>       current file matching pattern?
         F <pattern>       other file matching pattern?
         d <pattern>       current directory matching pattern?
         D <pattern>       other directory matching pattern?
         t <type>          current file of type?
         T <type>          other file of type?
         ! <sub-cond>      negate the result of sub-condition

       Pattern is a normal shell pattern or a regular expression,
       according  to  the shell patterns option. You can override
       the global value of the shell patterns option  by  writing
       "shell_patterns=x"  on  the  first  line  of the menu file
       (where "x" is either 0 or 1).

       Type is one or more of the following characters:

         n  not directory
         r  regular file
         d  directory
         l  link
         c  char special
         b  block special
         f  fifo
         s  socket
         x  executable
         t  tagged

       For example 'rlf' means either regular file, link or fifo.
       The  't'  type  is a little special because it acts on the
       panel instead of the file. The condition '=t t' is true if
       there  are  tagged files in the current panel and false if
       not.

       If the condition starts with '=?' instead of '='  a  debug
       trace will be shown whenever the value of the condition is
       calculated.

       The conditions are calculated from  left  to  right.  This
       means
            = f *.tar.gz | f *.tgz & t n
       is calculated as
            ( (f *.tar.gz) | (f *.tgz) ) & (t n)

       Here is a sample of the use of conditions:

       = f *.tar.gz | f *.tgz & t n
       L    List the contents of a compressed tar-archive
            gzip -cd %f | tar xvf -

       Addition Conditions

       If  the condition begins with '+' (or '+?') instead of '='
       (or '=?') it is an addition condition. If the condition is
       true  the  menu entry will be included in the menu. If the
       condition is false the menu entry will not be included  in
       the menu.
       You  can combine default and addition conditions by start-
       ing condition with '+=' or '=+' (or '+=?' or '=+?' if  you
       want debug trace). If you want to use two different condi-
       tions, one for adding and another for defaulting, you  can
       precede  a menu entry with two condition lines, one start-
       ing with '+' and another starting with '='.

       Comments are started  with  '#'.  The  additional  comment
       lines must start with '#', space or tab.


  Options Menu
       The  Configuration command pops up a dialog from which you
       can change most of settings of the Midnight Commander.

       The Display bits command pops up a dialog from  which  you
       may  select which characters is your terminal able to dis-
       play.

       The Confirmation command pops up a dialog from  which  you
       specify which actions you want to confirm.

       The  Learn  keys  command  pops up a dialog from which you
       test some keys which are not working on some terminals and
       you may fix them.

       The  Virtual  FS  command  pops up a dialog from which you
       specify some VFS related options.

       The Layout command pops up a dialog from which you specify
       a bunch of options how mc looks like on the screen.

       The  Save  setup command saves the current settings of the
       Left, Right and Options menus. A  small  number  of  other
       settings is saved, too.


    Configuration
       The  program  has  some options that may be toggled on and
       off from the Configuration dialog. Options are enabled  if
       they  have  an  asterisk  or  "x"  in front of them. These
       options are divided  into  three  groups:  Screen  Colors,
       Panel Options and Other Options.

       Screen Colors

       You can select whether your display supports color or not.
       Normally this information is in the terminfo database.  If
       you  want  to know how to change individual colors see the
       section on Colors.

       Panel Options

       Show Backup Files.   By  default  the  Midnight  Commander
       doesn't  show  files  ending  in '~' (like GNU's ls option
       -B).

       Show Hidden Files.  By default the Midnight Commander will
       show all files that start with a dot (like ls -a).

       Mark  moves  down.   By default when you mark a file (with
       either C-t or the Insert key) the selection bar will  move
       down.

       Show  Mini-Status.   If  enabled,  show one line of status
       information at the bottom of the  panels  about  the  cur-
       rently selected item.

       Mix all files.  When this option is enabled, all files and
       directories are shown mixed together.  If  the  option  is
       off,  directories  (and links to directories) are shown at
       the beginning of the listing, and other files  afterwards.

       Fast  directory reload.  This option is off by default. If
       you activate the fast reload, the Midnight Commander  will
       use  a  trick  to determine if the directory contents have
       changed. The trick is to reload the directory only if  the
       i-node  of  the  directory  has  changed;  this means that
       reloads only happen when files are created or deleted.  If
       what  changes  is  the  i-node for a file in the directory
       (file size changes, mode or owner changes, etc)  the  dis-
       play  is  not  updated.  In  these  cases, if you have the
       option on, you have to rescan the directory manually (with
       C-r).

       Other Options

       Verbose  operation.   This  toggles whether the file Copy,
       Rename and Delete operations are verbose (i.e., display  a
       dialog  box for each operation). If you have a slow termi-
       nal, you may wish to disable the verbose operation. It  is
       automatically  turned off if the speed of your terminal is
       less than 9600 bps.

       Pause after run.  After executing your commands, the  Mid-
       night  Commander  can  pause,  so that you can examine the
       output of the command.  There are three possible  settings
       for this variable:

              Never  Means that you do not want to see the output
              of your command.  If you are using the  Linux  con-
              sole  or an xterm, you will be able to see the out-
              put of the command by typing C-o.

              On dumb terminals You will get the pause message on
              terminals  that are not capable of showing the out-
              put of the last command executed (any terminal that
              is not an xterm or the Linux console).
              Always  The  program will pause after executing all
              of your commands.

       Shell Patterns.  By default the Select, Unselect and  Fil-
       ter  commands will use shell-like regular expressions. The
       following conversions are performed to achieve  this:  the
       '*' is replaced by '.*' (zero or more characters); the '?'
       is replaced by '.' (exactly one character) and '.' by  the
       literal  dot.  If the option is disabled, then the regular
       expressions are the ones described in ed(1).

       Auto Save Setup.  If this option is enabled, when you exit
       the  Midnight  Commander  the  configurable options of the
       Midnight Commander are saved in the $HOME/.mc.ini file.

       Auto menus.  If this option is enabled, the user menu will
       be invoked at startup.  Useful for building menus for non-
       unixers.

       Use internal viewer.   If  this  option  is  enabled,  the
       built-in  file viewer is used to view files. If the option
       is disabled, the pager specified in the PAGER  environment
       variable is used.  If no pager is specified, the view com-
       mand is used.   See  the  section  on  the  internal  file
       viewer.

       Confirm Delete.  This option is toggled on by default, and
       will cause the Midnight Commander to ask for  confirmation
       when deleting a single file.

       Cd  follows  links.   This option, if set, causes the Mid-
       night Commander to follow the logical chain of directories
       when  changing  current directory either in the panels, or
       using the cd command. This is  the  default  behaviour  of
       bash.  When unset, the Midnight Commander follows the real
       directory structure, so  cd  ..  if  you've  entered  that
       directory  through  a  link  will  move you to the current
       directory's real parent and not to the directory where the
       link was present.

       8-bit  clean.  This option allows use of 8-bit characters.
       It requires that curses/ncurses  be  8-bit  clean.  If  it
       isn't, things might look strange.


    Display bits
       This  is used to configure the range of visible characters
       on the screen.  This setting may be 7-bits if your  termi-
       nal/curses  supports  only  seven  output bits, ISO-8859-1
       displays all the characters in the ISO-8859-1 map and full
       8  bits is for those terminals that can display full 8 bit
       characters.


    Confirmation
       In this menu you configure the  confirmation  options  for
       file deletion, overwriting and quitting the program.


    Learn keys
       This  dialog lets you test if your keys F1-F20, Home, End,
       etc. work properly on your  terminal.  They  often  don't,
       since many terminal databases are broken.

       You  can  move around with the Tab key, with the vi moving
       keys ('h' left, 'j' down, 'k' up and 'l' right) and  after
       you  press any arrow key once (this will mark it OK), then
       you can use that key as well.

       You test them just by pressing each of them.  As  soon  as
       you  press  a  key  and  the key works properly, OK should
       appear next to the name of that key. Once a key is  marked
       OK  it  starts  to  work as usually, e.g. F1 for the first
       time will just check that F1 works OK, but from that  time
       on it will show help.  The same applies to the arrow keys.
       Tab key should be working always.

       If some keys do not work properly, then you won't  see  OK
       after  the  key  name after you have pressed that key. You
       may then want to fix it. You do it by pressing the  button
       of  that  key  (either  by  mouse or using Tab and Enter).
       Then a red message will appear and you will  be  asked  to
       type  that key.  If you want to abort this, press just Esc
       and wait until the message disappears. Otherwise type  the
       key  you're  asked  to type and also wait until the dialog
       disappears.

       When you finish with all the keys, you may want either  to
       Save  your key fixes into your .mc.ini file into the [ter-
       minal:TERM] section (where TERM is the name of  your  cur-
       rent  terminal)  or to discard them. If all your keys were
       working properly and you had not to fix any key, then  (of
       course) no saving will occur.


    Virtual FS
       This  option  gives  you  control over the settings of the
       Virtual File System information cache.

       The Midnight Commander keeps  in  memory  the  information
       related  to  some  of the virtual file systems to speed up
       the access to the files in the  file  system.   Since  the
       information  that  must be kept may be large (for example,
       compressed tar  files  may  be  kept  in  RAM  for  faster
       access), you may want to tune the parameters of the cached
       information to decrease your memory usage or  to  maximize
       the speed of access to frequently used file systems.

       The  Tar  file system is quite clever about how it handles
       tar files: it just loads the directory entries and when it
       needs to use the information contained in the tar file, it
       goes and grab it.

       In the wild, tar files are usually kept compressed  (plain
       tar  files  are species in extinction), and because of the
       nature of those files (the directory entries for  the  tar
       files  is  not there waiting for us to be loaded), the tar
       file system has two choices:  load  the  complete,  uncom-
       pressed tar file into memory or uncompress the file in the
       disk in a temporary location and then  access  the  uncom-
       pressed file as a regular tar file.

       In  this  dialog box you tell the Midnight Commander which
       sizes for compressed tar files you will tolerate  to  load
       into  your precious memory.  The default setting is set to
       one megabyte, this means that compressed tar  files  whose
       size  is  at  most  one megabyte will be loaded into core,
       otherwise a temporary uncompressed tar file will  be  cre-
       ated to access the contents (all of this is transparent to
       the user).

       The program will let you add a suffix to specify the units
       of  the  number you typed in, use 'k' for kilobyte and 'm'
       for megabyte.  Our routine does not accept floating  point
       numbers, so you can't use ".5 m" to specify 512 kilobytes,
       you will have to use "512 k" instead.

       Now, since we all love to browse files and tar  files  all
       over  the disk, it's common that you will leave a tar file
       and the re-enter it later.  Since uncompression  is  slow,
       the  Midnight Commander will cache the information in mem-
       ory for a limited amount of time, after you hit the  time-
       out,  all of the memory resources associated with the file
       system will be freed.  The default timeout is set  to  one
       minute.


    Layout
       The  layout  dialog  gives you a possibility to change the
       general layout of screen.  You  can  specify  whether  the
       menubar,  the command prompt, the hintbar and the function
       keybar are visible. On the Linux console you  can  specify
       how many lines are shown in the output window.

       The  rest of the screen area is used for the two directory
       panels. You can specify whether the area is split  to  the
       panels  in vertical or horizontal direction. The split can
       be equal or you can specify an unequal split.


    Save Setup
       At  startup  the  Midnight  Commander  will  try  to  load
       initialization information from the $HOME/.mc.ini file. If
       this file doesn't exist, it will load the information from
       the    system-wide    configuration   file,   located   in
       /usr/lib/mc/mc.ini. If the system-wide configuration  file
       doesn't exist, MC uses the default settings.

       The  Save  Setup command creates the $HOME/.mc.ini file by
       saving the current settings of the Left, Right and Options
       menus.

       If you activate the auto save setup option, MC will always
       save the current settings when exiting.

       There also exist settings which can't be changed from  the
       menus. To change these settings you have to edit the setup
       file with your favorite editor. See the section on Special
       Settings for more information.




Executing operating system commands

       You  may  execute  commands by typing them directly in the
       Midnight Commander's input line, or by selecting the  pro-
       gram  you want to execute with the selection bar in one of
       the panels and hitting Enter.

       If you press Enter over a file that is not executable, the
       Midnight  Commander  checks  the extension of the selected
       file against the extensions in the Extensions File.  If  a
       match  is  found then the code associated with that exten-
       sion is executed. A  very  simple  macro  expansion  takes
       place before executing the command.


  The cd internal command
       The  cd  command is interpreted by the Midnight Commander,
       it is not passed to the command shell for execution.  Thus
       it may not handle all of the nice macro expansion and sub-
       stition that your shell does, although  it  does  some  of
       them:

       Tilde  substitution  The (~) will be substituted with your
       home directory, if you append a username after the  tilde,
       then  it  will  be substituted with the login directory of
       the the specified user.

       For example, ~guest is the home  directory  for  the  user
       guest,  while  ~/guest is the directory guest in your home
       directory.

       Previous directory You can jump to the directory you  were
       previously  by  using  the special directory name '-' like
       this: cd -

       CDPATH directories If the directory specified  to  the  cd
       command is not in the current directory, then The Midnight
       Commander uses  the  value  in  the  environment  variable
       CDPATH  to  search  for  the directory in any of the named
       directories.

       For  example  you  could  set  your  CDPATH  variable   to
       ~/src:/usr/src,  allowing  you to change your directory to
       any of the  directories  inside  the  ~/src  and  /usr/src
       directories,  from  any  place in the file system by using
       it's relative name (for example cd linux could take you to
       /usr/src/linux).


  Macro Substitution
       When  accessing  a  user  menu,  or executing an extension
       dependent command, or running a command from  the  command
       line input, a simple macro substitution takes place.

       The macros are:

       %f

              The current file name.

       %d

              The current directory name.

       %F

              The current file in the unselected panel.

       %D

              The directory name of the unselected panel.

       %t

              The currently tagged files.

       %T

              The tagged files in the unselected panel.

       %u and %U

              Similar  to  the  %t and %T macros, but in addition
              the files are untagged. You can use this macro only
              once  per  menu file entry or extension file entry,
              because next time there will be no tagged files.

       %s and %S

              The selected files: The tagged files if  there  are
              any. Otherwise the current file.

       %q

              Dropped  files.  In  all  places except in the Drop
              action of the mc.ext file, this will become a  null
              string, in the Drop action it will be replaced with
              a space separated list of files that  were  dropped
              on the file.

       %cd

              This  is a special macro that is used to change the
              current directory to  the  directory  specified  in
              front  of  it.  This is used primarily as an inter-
              face to the Virtual File System.

       %view

              This macro is used to invoke the  internal  viewer.
              This  macro  can  be used alone, or with arguments.
              If you pass  any  arguments  to  this  macro,  they
              should be enclosed in brackets.

              The  arguments  are: ascii to force the viewer into
              ascii mode; hex to force the viewer into hex  mode;
              nroff  to  tell the viewer that it should interpret
              the bold and underline sequences of  nroff;  unfor-
              mated  to  tell  the  viewer to not interpret nroff
              commands for making the text bold or underlined.

       %%

              The % character

       %{some text}

              Prompt for the substitution. An input box is  shown
              and the text inside the braces is used as a prompt.
              The macro is substituted by the text typed  by  the
              user. The user can press ESC or F10 to cancel. This
              macro doesn't work on the command line yet.


  The subshell support
       The subshell support is a compile time option, that  works
       with the shells: bash, tcsh and zsh.

       When the subshell code is activated the Midnight Commander
       will spawn a  concurrent  copy  of  your  shell  (the  one
       defined  in  the  SHELL variable and if it is not defined,
       then the one in the /etc/passwd file)  and  run  it  in  a
       pseudo terminal, instead of invoking a new shell each time
       you execute a command, the command will be passed  to  the
       subshell  as if you had typed it.  This also allows you to
       change the environment variables, use shell functions  and
       define  aliases that are valid until you quit the Midnight
       Commander.

       If you are using bash you can specify startup commands for
       the  subshell  in  your ~/.mc.bashrc file and special key-
       board maps in the  ~/.mc.inputrc  file.   tcsh  users  may
       specify startup commands in the ~/.mc.tcshrc file.

       When  the  subshell code is used, you can suspend applica-
       tions at any time with the sequence C-o and jump  back  to
       the  Midnight  Commander, if you interrupt an application,
       you will not be able to run other external commands  until
       you quit the application you interrupted.

       An  extra  added feature of using the subshell is that the
       prompt displayed by the Midnight  Commander  is  the  same
       prompt that you are currently using in your shell.

       The  OPTIONS  section  has more information on how you can
       control the subshell code.


  Controlling Midnight Commander
       The Midnight Commander  defines  an  environment  variable
       MC_CONTROL_FILE.  The  commands  executed  by  MC may give
       instructions to MC by writing to  the  file  specified  by
       this  variable.   This  is  only available if you compiled
       your copy of the Midnight Commander  with  the  WANT_PARSE
       option.

       The following instructions are supported.

       clear_tags          Clear all tags.
       tag <filename>      Tag specified file.
       untag <filename>    Untag specified file.
       select <filename>   Move pointer to file.
       change_panel        Switch between panels.
       cd <path>      Change directory.

       If the first letter of the instruction is in lower case it
       operates on the current panel. If the letter is  in  upper
       case  the  instruction  operates  on  the other panel. The
       additional letters must be  in  lower  case.  Instructions
       must  be  separated  by exactly one space, tab or newline.
       The instructions don't work in the Info,  Tree  and  Quick
       views. The first error causes the rest to be ignored.



Chmod

       The Chmod window is used to change the attribute bits in a
       group of files and directories.  It can  be  invoked  with
       the C-x c key combination.

       The Chmod window has two parts - Permissions and File

       In  the File section are displayed the name of the file or
       directory and its permissions in octal form,  as  well  as
       its owner and group.

       In the Permissions section there is a set of check buttons
       which correspond to  the  file  attribute  bits.   As  you
       change  the  attribute  bits,  you can see the octal value
       change in the File section.

       To move between the widgets (buttons  and  check  buttons)
       use the arrow keys or the Tab key.  To change the state of
       the check buttons or to select a button  use  Space.   You
       can  also  use the hotkeys on the buttons to quickly acti-
       vate that selection (they are the highlit letters  on  the
       buttons).

       To set the attribute bits, use the Enter key.

       When  working  with  a  group of files or directories, you
       just click on the bits you want to set or clear.  Once you
       have  selected the bits you want to change, you select one
       of the action buttons (Set marked or Clear marked).

       Finally, to set the attributes exactly to those specified,
       you  can  use  the [Set all] button, which will act on all
       the tagged files.

       [Marked all] set only marked attributes  to  all  selected
       files

       [Set marked] set marked bits in attributes of all selected
       files

       [Clean marked] clear marked  bits  in  attributes  of  all
       selected files

       [Set] set the attributes of one file

       [Cancel] cancel the Chmod command



Chown

       The  Chown  command is used to change the owner/group of a
       file. The hot key for this command is C-x o.



File Operations

       When you copy, move or delete files the Midnight Commander
       shows  the file operations dialog. It shows the files cur-
       rently being operated on  and  there  are  at  most  three
       progress bars. The file bar tells how big part of the cur-
       rent file has been copied so far. The count bar tells  how
       many  of  tagged files have been handled so far. The bytes
       bar tells how big part of total size of the  tagged  files
       has  been handled so far. If the verbose option is off the
       file and bytes bars are not shown.

       There are two buttons at the bottom of the dialog.  Press-
       ing  the  Skip  button  will  skip the rest of the current
       file. Pressing the Abort button will abort the whole oper-
       ation, the rest of the files are skipped.

       There  are three other dialogs which you can run into dur-
       ing the file operations.

       The error dialog informs about error  conditions  and  has
       three  choices. Normally you select either the Skip button
       to skip the file or the Abort button to abort  the  opera-
       tion  altogether.  You can also select the Retry button if
       you fixed the problem from another terminal.

       The replace dialog is shown when you attempt  to  copy  or
       move  a  file  on  the top of an existing file. The dialog
       shows the dates and sizes of the both files. Press the Yes
       button  to  overwrite  the file, the No button to skip the
       file, the alL button to overwrite all the files, the  nonE
       button  to  never overwrite and the Update button to over-
       write if the source file is newer than  the  target  file.
       You  can  abort  the whole operation by pressing the Abort
       button.

       The recursive delete dialog  is  shown  when  you  try  to
       delete  a directory which is not empty. Press the Yes but-
       ton to delete the directory recursively, the No button  to
       skip  the  directory,  the  alL  button  to delete all the
       directories and the nonE button to skip all the  non-empty
       directories. You can abort the whole operation by pressing
       the Abort button. If you selected the Yes  or  alL  button
       you  will  be asked for a confirmation. Type "yes" only if
       you are really sure you want to do the recursive delete.

       If you have tagged files and perform an operation on  them
       only  the  files  on  which  the  operation  succeeded are
       untagged. Failed and skipped files are left tagged.



Mask Copy/Rename

       The copy/move operations lets you translate the  names  of
       files  in  an  easy way. To do it, you have to specify the
       correct source mask and usually in the  trailing  part  of
       the  destination  specify  some  wildcards.  All the files
       matching the source mask are copied/renamed  according  to
       the  target  mask.  If  there  are  tagged files, only the
       tagged files matching the source mask are renamed.
       There are other option which you can set:

       Follow symlinks tells whether make  the  symlinks  in  the
       source  directory  (not recursively in subdirectories) new
       symlinks in the target directory or whether would you like
       to copy their content.

       Dive into subdirs tells what to do if in the target direc-
       tory  exists  a  directory  with  the  same  name  as  the
       file/directory being copied. The default action is to copy
       it into that directory, by disabling this you can  copy  a
       directory's  content into that directory. Perhaps an exam-
       ple will help:

       You want to copy content of a directory foo  to  /bla/foo,
       which  is  an  already  existing directory. Normally (when
       Dive is set), mc would copy the content into /bla/foo/foo,
       'cause  the  directory  already  exists. By disabling this
       option you will copy it exactly into /bla/foo.

       If you are root, you can set Preserve  UIDs/GIDs,  if  you
       want  to  get the same owner and group of new files as the
       ones of the source files.

       Use shell patterns on

       When the shell patterns option is on you can use  the  '*'
       and '?'  wildcards in the source mask. They work like they
       do in the shell. In the  target  mask  only  the  '*'  and
       '\<digit>' wildcards is allowed. The first '*' wildcard in
       the target mask corresponds to the first wildcard group in
       the  source mask, the second '*' corresponds to the second
       group and so on. The  '\1'  wildcard  corresponds  to  the
       first wildcard group in the source mask, the '\2' wildcard
       corresponds to the second group and so on all the  way  up
       to  '\9'.  The  '\0' wildcard is the whole filename of the
       source file.

       Two examples:

       If the source  mask  is  "*.tar.gz",  the  destination  is
       "/bla/*.tgz"  and  the  file to be copied is "foo.tar.gz",
       the copy will be "foo.tgz" in "/bla".

       Let's suppose you want to swap basename and  extension  so
       that  "file.c"  will become "c.file" and so on. The source
       mask for this is "*.*" and the destination is "\2.\1".

       Use shell patterns off

       When the shell patterns option is off the  MC  doesn't  do
       automatic grouping anymore. You must use '\(...\)' expres-
       sions in the source mask to specify meaning for the  wild-
       cards  in  the target mask. This is more flexible but also
       requires more typing. Otherwise target masks  are  similar
       to the situation when the shell patterns option is on.

       Two examples:

       If the source mask is "^\(.*\)\.tar\.gz$", the destination
       is "/bla/*.tgz" and the file to be copied is "foo.tar.gz",
       the copy will be "/bla/foo.tgz".

       Let's  suppose  you want to swap basename and extension so
       that "file.c" will become "c.file" and so on.  The  source
       mask for this is "^\(.*\)\.\(.*\)$" and the destination is
       "\2.\1".

       Case Conversions

       You can also change the case of the filenames. If you  use
       '\u' or uppercase or lowercase correspondingly.

       If  you use '\U' or '\L' in the target mask the next char-
       acters will be converted to uppercase or lowercase  corre-
       spondingly up to the next

       The '\u' and '\l' are stronger than '\U' and '\L'.

       For example, if the source mask is '*' (shell patterns on)
       or '^\(.*\)$' (shell patterns off) and the target mask  is
       '\L\u*'  the  file names will be converted to have initial
       upper case and otherwise lower case.

       You can also use '\' as a quote  character.  For  example,
       '\\' is a backslash and '\*' is an asterisk.



Internal File Viewer

       The internal file viewer provides two display modes: ASCII
       and hex.  To toggle between modes, use the F4 key.  If you
       have  the  GNU  gzip program installed, it will be used to
       automatically decompress the files on demand.

       The viewer will try to use the  best  method  provided  by
       your  system  or the file type to display the information.
       The  internal  file  viewer  will  interpret  some  string
       sequences  to  set the bold and underline attributes, thus
       making a pretty display of your files.

       When in hex mode, the  search  function  accepts  text  in
       quotes as well as hexadecimal constants.

       You can mix quoted text with constants like this: "String"
       0xFE 0xBB "more text".  Text between constants and  quoted
       text is just ignored.

       Some  internal  details  about the viewer: On systems that
       provide the mmap(2) system call, the program maps the file
       instead  of loading it; if the system does not provide the
       mmap(2) system call or the file  matches  an  action  that
       requires  a  filter, then the viewer will use it's growing
       buffers, thus loading only those parts of  the  file  that
       you actually access (this includes compressed files).

       Here  is a listing of the actions associated with each key
       that the Midnight Commander handles in the  internal  file
       viewer.

       F1 Invoke the builtin hypertext help viewer.

       F2 Toggle the wrap mode.

       F4 Toggle the hex mode.

       F5  Goto line.  This will prompt you for a line number and
       will display that line.

       F6, /.  Regular expression search.

       ?, Reverse regular expression search.

       F7 Normal search / hex mode search.

       C-s.  Start normal search if there was no previous  search
       expression else find next match.

       C-r.  Start reverse search if there was no previous search
       expression else find next match.

       n.  Find next match.

       F8 Toggle Raw/Parsed mode: This  will  show  the  file  as
       found on disk or if a processing filter has been specified
       in the mc.ext file, then the output from the filter.  Cur-
       rent  mode  is always the other than written on the button
       label, since on the button is the mode which you enter  by
       that key.

       F9 Toggle the format/unformat mode: when format mode is on
       the viewer will interpret some string  sequences  to  show
       bold  and underline with different colors. Also, on button
       label is the other mode than current.

       F10, Esc.  Exit the internal file viewer.

       next-page, space, C-v.  Scroll one page forward.

       prev-page, M-v, C-b, backspace.  Scroll one page backward.

       down-key Scroll one line forward.

       up-key Scroll one line backward.

       C-l Refresh the screen.

       !  Spawn a shell in the currently working directory.

       [n] m Set the mark n.

       [n] r Jump to the mark n.

       C-f Jump to the next file.

       C-b Jump to the previous file.

       It's possible to instruct the file viewer how to display a
       file, look at the Extension File Edit section


Completion

       Let the Midnight Commander type for you.

       Attempt to perform completion on the text  before  current
       position.  MC  attempts  completion  treating  the text as
       variable (if the text begins with $ ),  username  (if  the
       text  begins with ~ ), hostname (if the text begins with @
       ) or command (if you are on the command line in the  posi-
       tion  where you might type a command, possible completions
       then include shell reserved words and shell  builtin  com-
       mands as well) in turn. If none of these produces a match,
       filename completion is attempted.

       Filename, username, variable and hostname completion works
       on  all  input  lines,  command completion is command line
       specific.  If the completion is ambiguous (there are  more
       different  possibilities),  MC  beeps  and  the  following
       action depends on the setting of the show_all_if_ambiguous
       variable  in  the Initialization file. If it is nonzero, a
       list of all possibilities pops  up  next  to  the  current
       position  and you can select with the arrow keys and Enter
       the correct entry. You can also type the first letters  in
       which  the possibilities differ to move to a subset of all
       possibilities and complete as much  as  possible.  If  you
       press  M-Tab  again,  only the subset will be shown in the
       listbox, otherwise the first item which  matches  all  the
       previous  characters will be highlighted. As soon as there
       is no ambiguity, dialog disappears, but you can hide it by
       canceling  keys Esc, F10 and left and right arrow keys. If
       show_all_if_ambiguous is set to zero, the dialog  pops  up
       only if you press M-Tab for the second time, for the first
       time MC just beeps.



Virtual File System

       The Midnight Commander is provided with a  code  layer  to
       access  the  file  system; this code layer is known as the
       virtual file  system  switch.   The  virtual  file  system
       switch  allows  the Midnight Commander to manipulate files
       not located on the Unix file system.

       Currently the Midnight Commander  is  packaged  with  five
       Virtual  File  Systems  (VFS): the local file system, used
       for accessing the regular Unix  file  system;  the  ftpfs,
       used  to  manipulate  files on remote systems with the FTP
       protocol; the tarfs, used to manipulate tar and compressed
       tar  files;  the undelfs, used to recover deleted files on
       ext2 file systems (the default file system for Linux  sys-
       tems)  and  finally the mcfs (Midnight Commander file sys-
       tem), a network based file system.

       The VFS switch code will interpret all of the  path  names
       used and will forward them to the correct file system, the
       formats used for each one of the file systems is described
       later in their own section.


  FTP File System
       The  ftpfs  allows  you  to  manipulate  files  on  remote
       machines, to actually use it, you may try to use the panel
       command  FTP  link (accesible from the menubar) or you may
       directly change your current directory to it using the  cd
       command to a path name that looks like this:

       ftp://[user@]machine[remote-dir]

       The,  user, port and remote-dir elements are optional.  If
       you specify the user element, then the Midnight  Commander
       will  try  to  logon  on the mremote machine as that user,
       otherwise it will use your login name.

       Examples:

           ftp://ftp.nuclecu.unam.mx/linux/local
           ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/packages

       The Midnight Commander keeps the directory  listing  in  a
       cache.   The cache expire time is configurable in the Vir-
       tual File System dialog box.  This has the funny  behavior
       that  even  if  you make changes to a directory, they will
       not be reflected in the directory listing until you  force
       a  cache reload with the C-r key.  This is a feature (when
       you think it's a bug, think about  manipulating  files  on
       the other side of the Atlantic with ftpfs).


  Tar File System
       The  tar file system provides you with read-only access to
       your tar files and compressed tar files by using the chdir
       command.   To  change  your  directory  to a tar file, you
       change your current directory to the tar file by using the
       following syntax:

       tar:filename.tar[dir-inside-tar]

       The mc.ext file already provides a shortcut for tar files,
       this means that usually you just point to a tar  file  and
       press return to enter into the tar file, see the Extension
       File Edit section for details on how this is done.

       Examples:

           tar:mc-3.0.tar.gz/mc-3.0/vfs
           tar:/ftp/GCC/gcc-2.7.0.tar

       The latter specifies the full path of the tar archive.


  Network File System
       The Midnight Commander file system is a network base  file
       system that allows you to manipulate the files in a remote
       machine as if they were local.  To use  this,  the  remote
       machine must be running the mcserv(8) server program.

       To  connect  to  a  remote machine, you just need to chdir
       into a special directory which name is  in  the  following
       format:

       mc:[user@]machine[:port][remote-dir]

       The,  user, port and remote-dir elements are optional.  If
       you specify the user element then the  Midnight  Commander
       will try to logon on the remote machine as that user, oth-
       erwise it will use your login name.

       The port element is used when the remote  machine  running
       on  a special port (see the mcserv(8) manual page for more
       information about ports); finally, if the remote-dir  ele-
       ment  is  present,  your  current  directory on the remote
       machine will be set to this one.

       Examples:

           mc:ftp.nuclecu.unam.mx/linux/local
           mc:joe@foo.edu:11321/private


  Undelete File System
       On Linux systems, if you asked configure to use the ext2fs
       undelete  facilities, you will have the undelete file sys-
       tem available.  Recovery of deleted files is  only  avail-
       able  on  ext2  file systems.  The undelete file system is
       just an interface to the ext2fs library to:  retrieve  all
       of  the  deleted files names on an ext2fs and provides and
       to extract the selected files into a regular partition.
       To use this file system, you have to chdir into  the  spe-
       cial  file name formed by the "undel:" prefix and the file
       name where the actual file system resides.

       For example, to recover deleted files on the second parti-
       tion  of  the  first scsi disk on Linux, you would use the
       following path name:

           undel:/dev/sda2

       It may take a while for the undelfs to load  the  required
       information before you start browsing files there.



Colors

       The Midnight Commander will try to detect if your terminal
       supports color using the terminal database and your termi-
       nal  name.   Sometimes  it gets confused, so you may force
       color mode or disable color mode using the -c and -b  flag
       respectively.

       If  the  program is compiled with the Slang screen manager
       instead of ncurses, it will also check the  variable  COL-
       ORTERM,  if  it  is  set, it has the same effect as the -c
       flag.

       The program can be compiled with both ncurses  and  slang,
       ncurses  does  not  provide  a  way  to  force color mode:
       ncurses  uses  just  the  information  in   the   terminal
       database.

       The  Midnight  Commander  provides  a  way  to  change the
       default colors.  Currently the colors are configured using
       the environment variable MC_COLOR_TABLE or the Colors sec-
       tion in the initialization file.

       In the Colors section, the default  color  map  is  loaded
       from  the  base_color variable.  You can specify an alter-
       nate color map for a terminal by using the  terminal  name
       as the key in this section.  Example:

       [Colors]
       base_color=
       xterm=menu=magenta:marked=,magenta:markselect=,red

       The format for the color definition is:

         <keyword>=<foregroundcolor>,<backgroundcolor>:<keyword>= ...

       The  colors  are  optional,  and the keywords are: normal,
       selected,  marked,  markselect,  errors,   reverse   menu,
       menusel,  menuhot,  menuhotsel,  gauge;  the dialog colors
       are: dnormal, dfocus, dhotnormal, dhotfocus;  Help  colors
       are:    helpnormal,    helpitalic,   helpbold,   helplink,
       helpslink; Viewer color is: viewunderline.

       The dialog boxes use the following colors: dnormal is used
       for the normal text, dfocus is the color used for the cur-
       rently selected component, dhotnormal is the color used to
       differentiate  the  hotkey  color  in  normal  components,
       whereas the dhotfocus color is used  for  the  highlighted
       color in the currently selected component.

       Menus  use  the  same  scheme  but uses the menu, menusel,
       menuhot and menuhotsel tags instead.

       Help uses the following colors:  helpnormal  is  used  for
       normal  text,  helpitalic is used for text which is empha-
       sized in italic in the manual page, helpbold is  used  for
       text  which  is  emphasized  in  bold  in the manual page,
       helplink is used for not selected hyperlinks and helpslink
       is used for selected hyperlink.

       gauge  determines color of filled part of the progress bar
       (gauge), which shows how many percent of files were copied
       etc. in a graphical way.

       The  possible  colors are: black, red, green, brightgreen,
       brown, yellow, blue, brightblue,  magenta,  brightmagenta,
       cyan, brightcyan, lightgray and white.

       If you are setting the colors from your private setup, you
       could use this format:

       colors=menu=magenta:marked=,magenta:markselect=,red



Special Settings

       Most of the settings of  the  Midnight  Commander  can  be
       changed  from the menus. However, there are a small number
       of settings which can only be changed by editing the setup
       file.

       These variables may be set in your $HOME/.mc.ini file:

       clear_before_exec.

              By default the Midnight Commander clears the screen
              before executing a command. If you would prefer  to
              see  the output of the command at the bottom of the
              screen, edit your  ~/mc.ini  file  and  change  the
              value of the field clear_before_exec to 0.

       confirm_view_dir.

              If  you press F3 on a directory, normally MC enters
              that directory. If this flag is set to 1,  then  MC
              will  ask  for  confirmation  before  changing  the
              directory if you have files tagged.

       drop_menus.

              If this variable is set, when you press the F9 key,
              the  pull  down  menus will be activated, else, you
              will only be presented with the menu title, and you
              will  have  to select the entry with the arrow keys
              or the first letter  and  from  there  select  your
              option in the menu.

       ftpfs_retry_seconds.

              This  value  is  the number of seconds the Midnight
              Commander will wait before attempting  a  reconnec-
              tion  to  an  ftp server that has denied the login.
              If the value is zero,  the  the  program  will  not
              retry the login.

       max_dirt_limit.

              Specifies how many screen updates can be skipped at
              most in the internal file  viewer.   Normally  this
              value is not significant, because the code automat-
              ically  adjusts  the  number  of  updates  to  skip
              according  to the rate of incoming keypresses. How-
              ever, on very slow machines  or  terminals  with  a
              fast  keyboard  auto  repeat,  a big value can make
              screen updates too jumpy.

              It seems that setting max_dirt_limit to  10  causes
              the best behavior, and that is the default value.

       mouse_move_pages.

              Controls  whenever scrolling with the mouse is done
              by pages or line by line on the panels.

       mouse_move_pages_viewer.

              Controls if scrolling with the  mouse  is  done  by
              pages  or line by line on the internal file viewer.

       navigate_with_arrows.

              If this setting is turned on, then you may use  the
              arrows  keys  to automatically chdir if the current
              selection is a subdirectory and the  shell  command
              line is empty.  By default, this setting is off.

       nice_rotating_dash

              When  on,  this flag causes the commander to show a
              rotating dash as a work in progress indicator.

       old_esc_mode

              By default the Midnight Commander  treats  the  ESC
              key  as  a  key prefix (old_esc_mode=0), if you set
              this option (old_esc_mode=1), then the ESC key will
              act as a prefix key for one second, and if no extra
              keys have arrived, then the ESC key is  interpreted
              as a cancel key (ESC ESC).


       only_leading_plus_minus

              set  special treatment for '+', '-', '*' in command
              line (select, unselect, reverse selection) only  if
              command  line is empty. No need to qoute this char-
              acters in the middle of the command  line.  But  we
              can  not  change selection when command line is not
              empty.  panel_scroll_pages

              If set (the default), panel will scroll by half the
              display  when  the  cursor  reaches  the end or the
              beginning of the  panel,  otherwise  it  will  just
              scroll a file at a time.

       preserve_uidgid

              If this option is set (the default), when logged in
              as root the default will be to preserve the UID and
              the  GID  of  files.   Some users prefer to disable
              this option, so that's why it's configurable.

       show_output_starts_shell

              This variable only works if you are not  using  the
              subshell  support.   When you use the C-o keystroke
              to go back to the user screen, if this one is  set,
              you  will  get  a fresh shell.  Otherwise, pressing
              any key will bring you back to the Midnight Comman-
              der.

       show_all_if_ambiguous.

              By  default the Midnight Commander pops up all pos-
              sible completions if the completion is ambiguous if
              you  press M-Tab for the second time, for the first
              time it just completes as much as possible  and  in
              the case of ambiguity beeps. If you want to see all
              the possible completions already after the first M-
              Tab pressing, set this option to 1.

       torben_fj_mode

              If  this  flag  is  set, then the home and end keys
              will work slightly different on the panels, instead
              of moving the selection to the first and last files
              in the panels, they will act as follows:

              The home key will: Go up to  the  middle  line,  if
              below  it;  else  go  to  the top line unless it is
              already on the top line, in this case it will go to
              the first file in the panel.

              The  end key has a similar behavior: Go down to the
              middle line, if over it; else go to the bottom line
              unless  you already are at the bottom line, in such
              case it will move the selection to  the  last  file
              name in the panel.

       use_file_to_guess_type

              If  this variable is on (the default) it will spawn
              the file command to match the file types listed  on
              the mc.ext file.

       xterm_mode

              If  this  variable  is on (default is off) when you
              browse the file system on a  Tree  panel,  it  will
              automatically  reload the other panel with the con-
              tents of the selected directory.



Terminal databases

       The Midnight Commander provides a way to fix  your  system
       terminal  database without requiring root privileges.  The
       Midnight Commander searches in the  system  initialization
       file  (the  mc.lib  file located in the Midnight Commander
       library directory) or in the $HOME/.mc.ini  file  for  the
       section  "terminal:your-terminal-name"  and  then  for the
       section "terminal:general", each line of the section  con-
       tains a key symbol that you want to define, followed by an
       equal sign and the definition for the key.   You  can  use
       the  special \E form to represent the escape character and
       the ^x to represent the control-x character.

       The possible key symbols are:

       f0 to f20     Function keys f0-f20
       bs         backspace
       home          home key
       end           end key
       up            up arrow key
       down          down arrow key
       left          left arrow key
       right         right arrow key
       pgdn          page down key
       pgup          page up key
       insert        the insert character
       delete        the delete character
       complete      to do completion

       For example, to define the key insert to be the Escape + [
       + O + p, you set this in the ini file:

       insert=\E[Op

       The  complete  key  symbol represents the escape sequences
       used to invoke the completion  process,  this  is  invoked
       with  M-tab,  but you can define other keys to do the same
       work (on those keyboard with tons of nice and unused  keys
       everywhere).




FILES

       /usr/lib/mc.hlp

              The help file for the program.

       /usr/lib/mc/mc.ext

              The default system-wide extensions file.

       $HOME/.mc.ext

              User's  own  extension, view configuration and edit
              configuration file.  They override the contents  of
              the system wide files if present.

       /usr/lib/mc/mc.ini

              The default system-wide setup for the Midnight Com-
              mander,  used  only  if  the  user  lacks  his  own
              ~/.mc.ini file.

       /usr/lib/mc/mc.lib

              Global  settings  for the Midnight Commander.  Set-
              tings in this file are global to any Midnight  Com-
              mander, it is useful to define site-global terminal
              settings.

       $HOME/.mc.ini

              User's own setup. If this file is present then  the
              setup  is  loaded  from here instead of the system-
              wide startup file.

       /usr/lib/mc/mc.hint

              This file contains the hints (cookies) displayed by
              the program.

       /usr/lib/mc/mc.menu

              This file contains the default system-wide applica-
              tions menu.

       $HOME/.mc.menu

              User's own application menu. If this file  is  pre-
              sent it is used instead of the system-wide applica-
              tions menu.

       $HOME/.mc.tree

              The directory list for the directory tree and  tree
              view  features.   Each line is one entry. The lines
              starting with a slash are full directory names. The
              lines starting with a number have that many charac-
              ters equal to the previous directory. If  you  want
              you  may  create  this  file  by giving the command
              "find / -type d -print | sort >  ~/.mc.tree".  Nor-
              mally  there  is  no  sense in doing it because the
              Midnight Commander automatically updates this  file
              for you.



LICENSE

       This  program  is  distributed  under the terms of the GNU
       General Public License as published by the  Free  Software
       Foundation.  See  the  built-in  help  for  details on the
       License and the lack of warranty.


AVAILABILITY

       The latest  version  of  this  program  can  be  found  at
       ftp.nuclecu.unam.mx in the directory /linux/local and from
       Europe at ftp.cvut.cz in the directory /pub/mc.


SEE ALSO

       ed(1), gpm(1),  mcserv(8),  terminfo(1),  view(1),  sh(1),
       bash(1), tcsh(1), zsh(1).

       The Midnight Commander page on the World Wide Web:
            http://stekt.oulu.fi/~jtklehto/mc/



AUTHORS

       Miguel  de  Icaza  (miguel@roxanne.nuclecu.unam.mx), Janne
       Kukonlehto    (jtklehto@paju.oulu.fi),    Radek     Doulik
       (rodo@earn.cvut.cz),  Fred Leeflang (fredl@nebula.ow.org),
       Dugan   Porter   (dugan@b011.eunet.es),   Jakub    Jelinek
       (jj@jfch.vc.cvut.cz),  Ching Hui (u811563@Oz.nthu.edu.tw),
       and Mauricio Plaza (mok@roxanne.nuclecu.unam.mx)  are  the
       developers    of    this    package;   Alessandro   Rubini
       (rubini@ipvvis.unipv.it)  has  been   especially   helpful
       debugging  and enhancing the program's mouse support, John
       Davis (davis@space.mit.edu) also made his  S-Lang  library
       available  to  us  under the GPL and answered my questions
       about it, and the following people have  contributed  code
       and many bug fixes (in alphabetical order):

       Adam  Tla/lka  (atlka@sunrise.pg.gda.pl),  Antonio Palama,
       DOS port (palama@posso.dm.unipi.it), Erwin van Eijk  (wab-
       bit@corner.iaf.nl),  Gerd  Knorr (kraxel@cs.tu-berlin.de),
       Jean-Daniel  Luiset  (luiset@cih.hcuge.ch),  Jon   Stevens
       (root@dolphin.csudh.edu),   Juan  Jose  Ciarlante  (jjcia-
       rla@raiz.uncu.edu.ar),             Ilya             Rybkin
       (rybkin@rouge.phys.lsu.edu),  Marcelo  Roccasalva  (mfroc-
       cas@raiz.uncu.edu.ar),         Massimo          Fontanelli
       (MC8737@mclink.it),       Sergey       Ya.      Korshunoff
       (root@seyko.msk.su), Thomas  Pundt  (pundtt@math.uni-muen-
       ster.de),  Torben Fjerdingstad (tfj@olivia.ping.dk), Vadim
       Sinolitis   (vvs@nsrd.npi.msu.su)   and   Wim    Osterholt
       (wim@djo.wtm.tudelft.nl).



BUGS

       See  the  file TODO in the distribution for information on
       what remains to be done.
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